Richard Rhodes, whose earlier work on the atomic bomb won the Pulitzer Prize, applies his narrative gifts to humanity's relationship with energy. He traces the great transitions: from wood and muscle power to coal, from coal to oil and natural gas, and toward nuclear and renewable sources. Each transition reshaped economies, environments, and daily life in ways contemporaries rarely foresaw. Rhodes introduces readers to the visionaries and entrepreneurs who drove these changes: Queen Elizabeth I confronting London's wood shortage, James Watt perfecting the steam engine, John D. Rockefeller building Standard Oil, Enrico Fermi achieving nuclear chain reactions. But he equally attends to consequences—the pollution that blackened industrial cities, the geopolitical conflicts over oil, the climate change now forcing another transition. The book provides essential context for today's energy debates by showing how previous transitions unfolded over decades, faced fierce resistance, and succeeded only through sustained investment and political will. Rhodes neither dismisses fossil fuels' contributions nor minimizes their costs. Readers gain historical perspective on why energy transitions are difficult and why getting them right matters enormously for human flourishing.