Jean Bethke Elshtain, a political philosopher who taught at Chicago and later Yale Divinity School, examines how Western political thought has systematically devalued the private sphere of family and intimate life while privileging the public sphere of politics and commerce. This devaluation, Elshtain argues, has distorted both political theory and feminist politics. She traces how thinkers from Plato through Machiavelli to Rousseau constructed the public realm as the site of freedom and significance while treating domestic life as merely biological reproduction or economic necessity. Feminist thinkers, in their effort to challenge women's confinement to the private sphere, have often accepted rather than challenged this hierarchy, demanding women's admission to the valued public realm rather than questioning why public activities should be privileged. Elshtain argues that genuinely transformative politics must revalue care, intimacy, and family life rather than simply opening previously male spheres to women. She develops a 'social feminism' that takes seriously women's historic roles while refusing both conservative romanticization and progressive dismissal of domestic life. The book offers a political theory that begins from recognition of human vulnerability and dependence rather than the fiction of autonomous individuals. Readers will find here a distinctive voice that challenges assumptions shared by both mainstream liberalism and much feminist thought.