Umberto Eco's debut novel combines medieval mystery with philosophical thriller. In 1327, the Franciscan friar William of Baskerville arrives at a wealthy Italian abbey to prepare for a theological debate, but his mission is overshadowed by a series of bizarre deaths among the monks. William, an English logician trained in the empirical methods that would later flower into modern science, applies reason to solve the murders while his young assistant Adso narrates events. The investigation leads deep into the abbey's labyrinthine library, where monks guard ancient texts and forbidden knowledge. Eco, a semiotician and medievalist, fills the novel with authentic period detail—theological disputes, heretical movements, inquisitorial procedures—while exploring questions about the nature of signs, interpretation, and the relationship between laughter and orthodoxy. The book works simultaneously as gripping detective story and meditation on knowledge and its suppression. Jorge of Burgos, the blind librarian who serves as William's antagonist, embodies a vision of truth as dangerous, requiring protection from the many. William represents the emerging modern view that truth should be pursued wherever it leads. The novel's title itself becomes a puzzle, gesturing toward the medieval debate about whether words connect to realities or only to other words.